About Diabetes : Medication

While eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise are important in preventing or managing diabetes, many people diagnosed with diabetes need to take medication as well. Along with helping you develop a healthy eating and exercise plan, your doctor may prescribe one or more medications to keep your blood glucose levels in a healthy range.

Diabetes medications come in different forms. The five types, or classes, of diabetes medication are:

• Sulfonylureas, which stimulate the pancreas to make more insulin.
• Biguanides, which stop the liver from producing too much glucose.
• Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors, which slow down the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine.
• Thiazolidinediones, which make the body more sensitivite to insulin.
• Meglitinides, which stimulate the pancreas to make more insulin.

Many people with diabetes need to take more than one medication to manage their blood sugar levels. Each type of diabetes medicine works differently, but the goal is always to lower blood glucose levels. Your doctor will decide which combination will work best for you.

No matter what medicines you take, remember to discuss any concerns with your doctor. Over time, your response to medicines may change and your doctor may need to adjust your dose, add a new medication, or switch to a different medication. Always tell your doctor if you are taking any other medicines, including supplements and herbal remedies or over-the-counter drugs. They may interfere with how well your medications work or cause unexpected side effects.

To help you discuss your diabetes and medications with your doctor, print and fill out this Office Visit checklist to take with you to your next appointment.